Araby by James Joyce Essay Example for Free

Araby by James Joyce Essay What impression of Dublin and its people does James Joyce give in his story Araby? James Augustine Alrysius Joyce, an Irish writer, was born in Dublin 2nd February 1882 and died in Zurich, Switzerland 13th January 1941. He was born into a well-off Catholic family and was the eldest surviving child; two of his siblings died of typhoid. Joyce was originally educated at Clongowes Wood College, a boarding school in County Kildare, which he left at the age of 6 because his father could no longer pay the fees. James Joyce studied at home for a brief period of time before being offered a place in the Jesuits Dublin School. At the age of 16 he rejected Catholicism which changed his life completely. At the age of 20, after graduating from the UDC (University College Dublin) he left for Paris and tried studying different occupations like teaching, journalism and even a doctor. At the age of 21 he returned to Ireland after receiving news that his mother was diagnosed with cancer. After she had died James Joyce became a heavy drinker but gradually stopped as he got over her death. He then stayed in Dublin for a period of time from 1904-1907 writing the Dubliners and also started many other books. The book Dubliners is a collection of short stories and Araby, like all of them, have paralysis meaning that they cant leave Dublin. For example in the short story Clay Maria has the chance to make a new life and leave Dublin but turns it down because she is too scared. This also occurs in A Painful Case and Eveline, as they dont have to courage to leave Dublin. In the short story The Boarding House, Bob Doran wishes to leave Dublin but cant because he is trapped inside marriage. Most of the short stories, unlike Araby, go in circles, for instance, Two Gallants when Lenehan just wanders around Dublin. This also occurs in The Dead because a horse just goes around and around in circles, and also in An Encounter when a pervert tries to stop but end back in the same perverted world. At the end of the short stories James Joyce always write an epiphany, which is a revelation, but in all but one story the revelation is only noticed by the reader but in Araby both the reader and the protagonist the protagonist is the main character have an epiphany an epiphany is a moment of revelation, usually at the end of the story. In the streets of Dublin James Joyce writes them as being blind, meaning that its a dead end and there is nothingness, it also means that you cant escape and there is nowhere to go (there is no way of getting out of Dublin). The main reason is that there is no vision, meaning that you cant see how terrible and run down Ireland really is. He describes all things by the colours brown and yellow that symbolises human excrements. He writes the lamps of the street lifted their feeble lanterns, the word feeble shows that the light is not even strong enough to even penetrate the darkness. Jostled by drunken men and bargaining women, the word bargaining in this case can mean two things. The first meaning of it is that they are just selling items and changing the prices of them, and the second meaning is that the women are bargaining for their bodies, they are prostitutes. There are street singers who sing about the problems in Ireland. Also that weather is always extremely violent, and this is shown by the words cold air stung us, rain impinge upon the earth and the air was pitilessly raw. Religion in Dublin is exceedingly poor. In the second paragraph it says a priest, had died showing that the faith in Dublin has disappeared off the face of the earth. Inside the house of the dead priest there were books that were curled and damp meaning that the interest in them was lost. The books were The Abbot which is a religious story, The Devout Communicant which is a book on how to receive Holy Communion well and the last one The Memoirs of Vidocq which is about a thief. The books are muddled up indicating that religion in Ireland is a sham. When it talks about the priest again it first says very charitable priest making you think that the priest was a good man, and suddenly says in his will he had left all his money to institutions and the furniture of his house to his sister presenting the complete opposite. This means that the priest was only charitable went he knew he was dieing and he wasnt a nice man. In the dead priests wild garden there is an apple tree in the centre signifying the Garden of Eden which is a source of evil. In a bush in the garden, there is a rusty bicycle-pump, this can denote three things. The first description of the bicycle-pump is that there is no escape because, if you cant pump up your tires, then you cant go anywhere. The second explanation represents the snake, or Satan, in the Garden of Eden because the pump is approximately the same size a snake. The last reason, symbolizes a heart, meaning that, because the heart is not pumping, there is no love or life in Dublin, symbolizing that everything is hopeless. A good part in the story when you know that religion is just a phoney in Dublin is when the boys Aunt says Im afraid you may have to put off your bazaar for this night of Our Lord actually saying that he should just forget about it in a nasty way. Although she I using religious word she is using them without kindness, meaning that she is not caring about him. The family life in Dublin isnt very pleasant either. In the beginning of the book, the boy says if my Uncle was seen turning the corner, we hid in the shadow indicating that he doesnt live with his parents, and also that hes scared of him. On the night of the bazaar his Uncle came home late, I heard him talking to himself meaning he was obviously drunk and had forgotten all about Araby. The love in Dublin is bland. For the boy he loves and stalks Mangans sister. She is called thins because he doesnt actually know her name so he names her Mangans sister. He defines her as light because he thinks of Dublin as the dark and Mangans sister as a light to brighten up Dublin. When he looks at her her dress swung as she moved her body, and the soft rope of her hair tossed from side to side, she is describes as lively and everyone else is not. Followed her, or stalking her is the meaning, I kept her brown figure always in my eye, brown indicating that she is actually just an ordinary person with nothing special about her. Within one paragraph there are five words chalice, prayers, praises, tears and adoration, he describes her with religious word, and because he left Catholicism she is now his secular religion (one without God). She is also like music to his ears because it says my body was like a harp and her words and gestures were like fingers running upon the wires. Also showing that he uses her in a secular religion is a sentence saying I pressed the palms of my hands together until they trembled, murmuring: O love! O love! many times showing that he worships her a lot. At last she spoke to me, this is the moment he was waiting for the whole time. She then talks about Araby and says she cant go. While she was talking to him she turned a sliver bracelet, silver indicating bright. In two sentences he uses six words to describe how radiant and bright she is and how drawn he is to her, they are light, lamp, white, lit, lit and white, repeating white and lit. Waking and sleep thoughts and chafed against the work of school imply that he cant do anything besides thinking about Araby and Mangans sister, and it also says I strove to read hinting the same thing. Lie at the window signals that he stalks and spies on Mangans sister, and he is singing because he is happy about getting Mangans sister a present. Lastly he has a sexual desire for Mangans sister because it says border below the dress suggesting that he is growing quite fast and is into the puberty stage of life. Araby is a fair or, a bazaar which is a foreign word from the east. In the boys eyes, Araby is an exotic place that gets away from all the darkness of Dublin. Also Araby is close to the word Arabia which is in the east signifying that its exotic, rich. And because it is in the east it signifies that the sunrise comes from the east, representing a new day, a new hope, a new light. Also Jesus resurrected in the east, epitomizing a new beginning or day. When he eventually arrives to Araby, he goes around the stalls and finds that most of them are closed. There is one that is open but when he sees the people at the stall he discovers they all speak in English accents indicating that the bazaar is not exotic at all. A young lady, who is probably a prostitute, because she is seen flirting with two men at the same time, asks the boy if he wants to buy anything but he says no, thank you. And from this, all of his dreams end because, the items are too expensive and mundane. At the end of the story there is an epiphany, which is the moment of revelation, to both the reader and the protagonist, because usually the epiphany is only recognisable to the reader. On the second from last paragraph at the end it says complete darkness signifying that all hope is gone. The whole of the last paragraph says gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger, this is the exact moment when he realises that all Dublin was in vain and all he did was in vain. He figures out from this that there actually is no love, no romance and no chivalry.

Introduction to Macrobiotics Essay -- Philosophy Philosophical Paper

Introduction to Macrobiotics Macrobiotics is one of the many alternative diets that has gained popularity in the United States over the last couple decades. Michio Kushi introduced macrobiotics to New York City in the 1970's. Proponents of macrobiotics contend that it is not merely a diet, but a philosophy that, if properly observed, will ensure emotional, physical, spiritual and mental well-being. Good physical health is necessary before emotional, physical and spiritual wellness can be cultivated. See Foundation for the Macrobiotic Way Macrobiotic theory is based on the ancient Chinese philosophy of yin and yang as interpreted by George Oshawa, a self- proclaimed expert in the macrobiotics world. The principle of yin and yang as applied to food creates a spectrum with yin at one end and yang at the other. Whole grains are at the center of the spectrum, and are considered the best food to eat. Drugs are the 'most yin', with sugar, cheese, fruit, water, nuts, vegetables and beans falling progressively closer to the center of the spectrum. Refined salt is the 'most yang' with eggs, meat, fowl, and fish approaching the mean. The standard macrobiotic diet recommends that 50-60% of calories come from whole grains, 25-30% from land vegetables, 5-10% from sea vegetables and 5% from soups. Only 6% of calories should come from protein. Fat should be avoided. Only foods that are natural and organic should be eaten if at all possible. The macrobiotic diet emphasizes adopting one's diet as seasons and environments change. In sp ring and summer food that requires less fire in cooking should be eaten. Only in colder months, when food is used as a source of heat, should fire be used in cooking. Therefore, people who live in hot places ... ... built around balance. However, the very essence of a macrobiotic diet deprives an individual of ever achieving a balanced diet. All of the scientific studies advised people on macrobiotic diets to increase their consumption of fish, fat and dairy products in order to maintain normal development in children and obtain the proper vitamins and nutrients. Works Cited: American Dietetic Association. Position Paper on food and nutrition misinformation on selected topics. Journal of American Dietetic Association. 1974;66: 277-80. Dagnelie P.C., Van Staveren W.A. and Hautvast. Stunting and nutrient deficiencies in children on alternative diets. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1991;347: 111-118. Dagenlie PC, Van Staveren WA, Klaveren JD and Burema J. Do Children on macrobiotic diets show catch up growth? European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1988; 42;1007-16.

Top Gun

Top Gun relationship to Dully Article Top Gun is a 1986 American action drama film directed by Tony Scott, and produced by Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer. The movie was inspired by the article â€Å"Top Guns† (U. S. navy established an elite school for one percent of its pilots it purpose was to teach the lost art of aerial combat, also known as flight weapon school) written by Ehud Yonay for California magazine.The film starts stars such as Tom Cruise as a young naval aviator named Lieutenant Pete â€Å"Maverick† Mitchell; Anthony Edwards aka â€Å"Goose† as a Radar Intercept Officer, and Maverick best friend; Kelly McGillis as â€Å"Charley† as a civilian instructor in air combat and a lover of Maverick, and others. The movie Top Gun centers around Maverick (Tom Cruise), a hot-headed, troubled, egoist fighter pilot/navy pilot, and how he grows up as a man/person and as a better pilot with the help and influences from his past and his colleagues. In th is paper I will be examining the theory or studies given by Dr.Frank Dully, and relating it to the characters of the movie by identifying their personality traits of naval aviator described in the Dully Article â€Å"The Life Style Keys to Flight Deck Performance of the Naval Aviator. † As mentioned above, this movie portrait around the character Maverick. Who is a very skilled, smart, charming, and one of the best fighter pilots in the nation; but he also is cocky, hot-headed, aggressive, very controlling, emotional, mission-oriented naval aviator who characteristics changes throughout the movie.In the beginning of the film Maverick and his partner Goose are involved in a reconnaissance mission. While maneuvering Maverick and his partner Goose made a contact to enemy aircraft. With his skills and boldness he maneuvered to trail the enemies’ aircraft; while breaking all the rules of flying such as flying under 10000 altitudes, high-speed passes over 5 air controlled to wer, uses the illegal breaking maneuver to outsmart the enemy, performing unrealistic stunts even throughout the movie. This characteristic of Maverick shows that he is reckless, aggressive, and very controlling naval aviator.As Dully mentioned, the first ingredient of a naval aviator characteristic is being in control, and in this movie Maverick is very controlling, the one who make things happen. Dully also mentions that â€Å"oldest sons and oldest daughters comprise a remarkably large segment of this population, well in excess of their demographic one-out-of-three stature. These are the youngsters that initially set out to please that Very Important Parent, (usually Dad), in response to his requirements for excellence in many things. It becomes the mission of the first child to bring to the Very Important Parent a series of vicarious successes.Seizing the opportunity for recognition and a taste of success, the child usually applies himself diligently to the tasks thus assigned. † In this movie Mavericks is known as the only son, and his mission-orientation or goal/action was based on his father action and reputations. However his friends are trying to help him to be a team player and a healthier naval aviator. Another characteristic that is associated with Maverick personality traits described in the Dully article is the calculation of emotional distance. As mentioned in the article, there are three factors that shape our emotional views.First â€Å"occurs in the toddler years, the second plays out in early grammar school, and the third takes place late in his high school years. † For Maverick his emotional feeling or factors seemed like they were inherited from his dad actions. Another example that shows his emotional feeling was in the beginning of the movie when he disobeyed the leader to help one of his fellow pilots back to the carrier. This shows that he is not selfish, he cares for other and he is a team player in his way. Also his emo tional feeling come out when his losses his friend Goose.For instance, when he was trying to drop out of the top gun course; this could symbolize Maverick as a stressed or failing aviator. Lastly his emotions are seen with his relationship with Charlie. That he is a nice, caring and aggressive guy when it comes to Charlie. Another character that plays a huge part in this movie is Anthony Edwards aka â€Å"Goose,† a Radar Intercept Officer, and Maverick best friend. In his movie Goose would be described as the man who influences Maverick to change from a hot-headed, reckless fighter pilot to a well-mannered, responsible, team-player pilot.After Maverick passed by the control tower, Goose told him that his action will also endangered his own place at work, so to be careful. Goose personality traits are not really mentioned well in the movie; however he seems to have a good balance with Maverick to make a good naval aviator. Goose personality traits are that he is very likable, friendly, caring, funny, not controlling, a good husband and naval pilot. According to the Grid I would classify Goose as a 5, 5 pilot because he has come to adopt or adjust to the system and to the comfortable tempo thatMaverick lives in. The last character I will be describing, and who had a big influence on Mavericks well-being is Charlie. She is a highly-qualified instructor at the school and holds a degree in air combat. Throughout the movie she has different personality and behaviors. She too, is an ambiguous figure. She seems fairly masculinizing and controlling through her name. However she has an emotional affiliation with Maverick that she wants to keep private. She is also very aggressive, usually get what she wants.As Dully mentions, usually the oldest son the controlling and aggressive ends up with the same counter-part controlling and aggressive oldest daughter in this case it seems true. Although this movie could be a good description on what a healthy/good and bad na val aviator life might be. It has a Hollywood twist and a perfect ending which make it hard to conclude and study the life, personality, and attitude of naval pilots. But it shows the significant characteristic described by Dully.

Instrumental Music Development Corelli, Vivaldi and Bach Literature Review

Listen to the Corelli, Vivaldi and Bach examples. Using the stylistic features of each, write a summary of the development of instrumental music in the 18th century. Be aware of overall form and musical elements you hear in the examples. Explain the musical terms you use. Instrumental music developed quite profoundly in the 18th Century especially through the music of Bach. Amongst the most important forms of musical development one can identify the fugue, the gavotte as well as the minuet. The 18th century also saw the development of the concerto grosso which also saw substantial changes across the same period which eventually developed into a symphony. Vivaldi perfected the art of the concerto with several named works to that name especially the more famous one titled The Four Seasons where descriptive elements come to the fore consistently. The same could be said of the concertos which Bach wrote and which feature a number of stylistic differences which are also noticeable in for example, the Brandenburg Concertos. Corelli also perfected the art of the concerto with his 12 Concerti Grossi Op 8. Although Handel had by this time given up opera, he still makes use of theatricality in his writing. In the sequence above, how has Handel created a mood to suit this episode in â€Å"Messiah†? The sequence demonstrates theatricality which shows that Handel had not abandoned his operatic roots. The coloratura parts in the piece also demonstrate operatic moods which are immediately noticeable. The sequence contains distinct musical elements to present this information to the audience. Discuss the musical features found in the clearly defined sections of this example. The trumpets announce that Christ has come to the world whilst the shepherds are beckoned by the sound of the flutes. How has Handel used the orchestral writing to reflect the meaning of the text being sung? Hint: there is programme writing involved. The orchestral writing interweaves and interlopes with the sung text in a very original way. Here once again we have the trumpets showing the way to the birth of Jesus and the shepherds represented by the oboes.